Almazroui, M., Ashfaq, M., Islam, M. N., Rashid, I. U., Kamil, S., Abid, M. A., ... & Sylla, M. B. (2021). Assessment of CMIP6 performance and projected temperature and precipitation changes over South America. Earth Systems and Environment, 5(2), 155-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41748-021-00233-6
Ashteh, P.S. (2014). Climate Change and Water: Tools and Approaches. Tehran: Javedan Kherad Publications, First Edition, p. 224.
Baharvandi, N., Majard, F., & Masoum Pour, J. (2020). Identification of heat waves and analysis of their temporal-spatial variations in Iran. Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 20(59), 39-58.
Eyring, V., Bony, S., Meehl, G.A., Senior, C.A., Stevens, B., Stouffer, R.J., & Taylor, K.E. (2016). Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(5), 1937-1958. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-1937-2016
Farajzadeh Asl, M., & Feizi, V. (2012). Detection of temporal-spatial changes in temperature and precipitation elements in Iran. Space Planning and Preparation (Modares Humanities), 16(4), 49-66.
Farajzadeh Asl, M., & Ghasemifar, E. (2019). Fundamentals of Climate Change (Climate and Its Consequences). Tehran: Entekhab Publishing.
IPCC. (2022). Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157926
Jahanbakhsh Asl, S., Khorshid-Doust, A.M., & Alinejad, T. (2021). Investigation of temperature and precipitation changes in the Seymareh Basin using CMIP5 climate models. Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards, 31(8), 17-32.
Jato-Espino, D., Sillanpää, N., Charlesworth, S.M., & Rodriguez-Hernandez, J. (2019). A simulation-optimization methodology to model urban catchments under non-stationary extreme rainfall events. Environmental Modelling & Software, 122, 103960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2017.09.022
Kendall, M.G. (1970). Rank Correlation Methods (2nd ed.). New York: Hafner.
Mann, H.B. (1945). Nonparametric tests against trend. Econometrica, 13, 245-259. https://doi.org/10.2307/1907187
Maryanji, S., Tolabi-Nejad, M., & Zarrin, Z. (2025). Modeling and forecasting of temperature trends in Hamadan County. Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 77(25), 155-173.
Nourani, V., Rouzegari, N., Molajou, A., & Baghanam, A.H. (2020). An integrated simulation-optimization framework to optimize the reservoir operation adapted to climate change scenarios. Journal of Hydrology, 587, 125018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125018
O'Neill, B.C., Tebaldi, C., Vuuren, D.P.V., Eyring, V., Friedlingstein, P., Hurtt, G., ... & Meehl, G.A. (2016). The scenario model intercomparison project (ScenarioMIP) for CMIP6. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(9), 3461-3482. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-9-3461-2016
Partal, T., & Kahya, E. (2006). Trend analysis in Turkish precipitation data. Hydrological Processes: An International Journal, 20(9), 2011-2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.5993
Rahimi, N., & Faraji, A. (2023). Forecasting the average annual temperature of Tabriz city using time series models. Arid Regions Geographical Studies, 14(51), 99-113. https://doi.org/10.22034/jargs.2023.373963.0
Rogelj, J., Popp, A., Calvin, K.V., Luderer, G., Emmerling, J., Gernaat, D., ... & Tavoni, M. (2018). Scenarios towards limiting global mean temperature increase below 1.5°C. Nature Climate Change, 8, 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0091-3
Salazar, Á., Thatcher, M., Goubanova, K., Bernal, P., Gutiérrez, J., & Squeo, F. (2024). CMIP6 precipitation and temperature projections for Chile. Climate Dynamics, 62(3), 2475-2498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-023-07016-z
Seker, M., & Gumus, V. (2022). Projection of temperature and precipitation in the Mediterranean region through multi-model ensemble from CMIP6. Atmospheric Research, 280, 106440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106440
Shahbazi Kia, S., Ghorbani Tashkaki, S., Yarahmadi, J., Ostavari, Y., & Mirzaei, S. (2022). Projection of precipitation and temperature changes at Tabriz synoptic station during the period 2020-2100. Climatology Research, 1401(52), 125-142.
Shoja, F., & Shamsipour, A.A. (2023). Projection of future precipitation changes in watersheds supplying water to Tehran city. Natural Environmental Hazards, 12(36), 151-180. https://doi.org/10.22111/jneh.2022.42622.1908
World Bank. (2024). Climate Change Knowledge Portal. https://climateknowledgeportal.worldbank.org
World Climate Research Programme. (2023). CMIP6 – Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. https://www.wcrp-climate.org/wgcm-cmip/wgcm-cmip6
You, Q., Cai, Z., Wu, F., Jiang, Z., Pepin, N., & Shen, S. S. (2021). Temperature dataset of CMIP6 models over China: evaluation, trend and uncertainty. Climate Dynamics, 57(1), 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-05691-4
Zanouzi Alamdari, N., Sobhani, B., Aslani, M., & Mohammadi, M. (2024). Investigation of precipitation trend and minimum and maximum temperatures in East Azerbaijan Province using CMIP6 coupled models. Watershed Engineering and Management, 16(4), 482-499. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijwmse.2024.363697.2034
Zarin, A., & Dadashi Rudbari, A.A. (2021). Projection of Iran's temperature in the near future (2021-2040) based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble approach. Physical Geography Research, 53(1), 75-90. https://doi.org/10.22059/jphgr.2021.308361.1007551